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Case Study- Dr. Selvakumar

CLINICAL HISTORY:

A  89  year  old  gentleman  came  to  opd  with  complaints  of  recurrent  coughing  out  of  blood (minimal)   and  breathlessness  on  exertion  for  past  6  months. Not  a  known  case  of  diabetes/ hypertension / coronary  artery  disease.  Ex smoker. History  of dysphagia  for  past  2  months.

ON EXAMINATION:

Thin  built.  Dyspneic , mild  tachypneic , grade 2  clubbing  present. Vitals  stable.

Spo2- 92 on room air. Respiratory   system – bilateral  wheeze  and crepts present.

 patient  was  admitted in  ward and treated  initially  with  nebulisations ,  bronchodilators, oxygen support & emperical  antibiotics.

EVALUATION:

Cxr  showed  bilateral  emphysematous  lung  fields with ? Right middle  lobe  collapse. Cect  chest  taken  and it  revealed  ? Right  intermediate  bronchi mass  with  collapse  of  right  middle  lobe. Patient  and  attendars   explained  about  the  need  of  flexible fibreoptic  bronchoscopy(fob)  in  the diagnosis   and  fob  was done  under  local  anaesthesia.  Fob  revealed  fleshy  polypoid  mass  lesion  in  the  intermidiate  bronchus . Endobronchial  biopsy &  bronchoalveolar  lavage  was taken. Histopathological  examination  of  biopsy  revealed  infiltrating  squamous  cell  carcinoma.  Medical gastroenterology  opinion  obtained  on  dysphagia  and ogd  revealed esophageal  compression. Patient  was  referred to  medical  oncologist for further  line of  management  and  periodic  review  was  also  scheduled  for pulmonary  follow  up.

CLINICAL  PEARL:

Squamous  cell  carcinoma  of  the  lung  is  one  of  the  most  common  malignant  neoplasm  of  lung.  In   this  patient , careful  clinical  examination  and  early  diagnostic  intervention  with  the  help  of  fob  has  yielded the  early  diagnosis  and  thus  improves  the  patienr’s  better  chance  of survival  and  quality  of life.